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Month: February 2022

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What is NDT and NDT Career path – All you Need to Know

NDT Career - All You Need To Know
NDT Career - All You Need To Know

What is NDT 

Non-destructive testing (NDT) is a set of analytical techniques used for evaluating the properties of an object or component without damaging it. Also known as NDT Non-Destructive Examination (NDE), Non-Destructive Inspection (NDI) and Non-Destructive Assessment (NDE). 

NDT is a quality assurance management tool that can deliver remarkable results when used properly. NDT is also utilized in quality control processes.. It requires an understanding of the various methods available, their capabilities and limitations, knowledge of relevant criteria, and features of conducting tests. 

NDT plays an important role in daily life and is essential for ensuring safety and reliability. NDT is used in a wide range of industries such as  Oil and gas, space, energy, electricity, nuclear and chemical power plants, automobiles and transportation… 

 Why NDT is important 

As a quality control and quality assurance management tool, NDT plays an important role in industries such as aerospace, pipelines, bridges, refineries, oil platforms and power stations, as it helps to prevent failures that could adversely affect safety and reliability. This is an important process that underlies all their activities. 

All tools, products and materials have a standard design requirement and life. However, they may need to be replaced or extensively repaired due to defects and malfunctions not identified or neglected during manufacturing/production or service delivery. Otherwise, catastrophic failures are the result of neglecting unsafe conditions and unfavourable conditions. This may also end in the project closure. 

conducting NDT procedures during the manufacturing process or service life of a material or component can help protect assets. and ensure that companies comply with regulations and standards. In addition to security requirements, NDT is used to ensure the efficiency and durability of the equipment. 

 NDT testing Methods 

There are several NDT testing methods available.

Radiographic Testing (RT):

Radiography Non-Destructive Testing is the act of using gamma- or X-radiation on materials to identify imperfections.  

Liquid Penetrant Testing (LPT):

Liquid Penetrant Non-Destructive Testing is the technique of coating a material with a liquid and then looking for cracks in the liquid to find flaws in the material. 

  Magnetic Particle Testing (MPT):

magnetic Particle Non-Destructive Testing is the act of identifying imperfections in a material by examining disruptions in the flow of the magnetic field within the material.    

  Visual Testing (VT):

The act of gathering visual data on the state of a material is referred to as visual non-destructive testing. Visual testing is the most fundamental method of examining a material or object without altering it in any way. 

Ultrasonic Testing (UT):

The practice of delivering high-frequency sound waves into the material in order to discover changes in the material’s characteristics is known as ultrasonic non-destructive testing.   

Eddy Current Testing:

Eddy Current Non-Destructive Testing is a sort of electromagnetic testing that employs measurements of the intensity of electrical currents (also known as eddy currents) in a magnetic field around the material to make findings of the material, which may include defect areas. 

Radiographic Film Interpretation (RTFI):     

 Advantages and disadvantages of NDT 

NDT tests are very convenient because the components being tested do not need to be disassembled or stopped. The portability of NDT devices makes them very convenient to use, which contributes to the efficiency of the test methods used while the equipment is at service. 

Sometimes NDT is the casual or routine process of some companies. Some of the advantages are 

Advantages 

  • Safety:

    Non-destructive inspection to ensure that the components or materials used are not – damaged or faulty and are suitable for use by officers. From the results, we can see if the components need to be repaired, replaced and/or are safe to operate. NDT methods do not damage components and are not harmful to the operator. Comprehensive security can be ensured after inspection. By detecting, resolving and preventing failures or defects using NDT methods, catastrophic failures can be avoided and lives saved. 

  • Quality assurance:

    Non-destructive testing methods offer reliable and accurate results that provide stability and consistency. Since this testing method does not damage the components, all equipment and machinery are to be tested, which will reduce the inaccuracy of the test results and any malfunctions. The assurance obtained from scrutiny is an invaluable achievement of NDT. With proper use of NDT methods, the quality of machinery and equipment can be ensured. This may lead to a successful operational-quality product or service (project or factory performance … etc.) 

  • Failure prevention:

    Undetected errors and Failure can lead to problems like damage to machinery, project shut down. etc… Even disaster failures to the projects and harm human resources may also happen. These can simply be avoided by proper use and implementation and NDT and corrections suggested by NDT technicians. 

  • Cost-Effective:

    NDT methods offer the most cost-effective methods for quality and safety checking. And it can be performed without disturbing work. 

Disadvantages 

  • Some tests can only be conducted on conductive materials 
  • Materials needed to be cleaned before and after inspection 
  • Electric supply needed to conduct some tests 
  • Equipment needed to perform Advanced testing Methods are Expensive 
  • Regular Maintenance and Calibrations are needed for advanced testing equipment. And which is expensive. 
  • To Conduct Advanced testing methods needed highly skilled opera 

 NDT Career

NDT careers are plentiful and available in any field. They have an impact on the oil and gas, aerospace, automobile, defence and chemical industries. Career opportunities in NDT are on rising as infrastructure projects are on the rise. Technicians, quality assurance specialists, and inspectors working with non-destructive materials and structures play a critical role in quality control. they play a crucial role in completing engineering works or projects.   

you can start an NDT career at any stage of your life. after completing graduation or even after leaving a job can start. Like most other professions, your NDT career is Based on your qualifications, certification and experience. The more gain, the higher you can progress. Obtaining a certificate to test NDT methods opens up new opportunities.  

Qualification and practical Knowledge is very important in the NDT industry because small errors can lead to disastrous consequences. NDT operators should refresh their skills, knowledge and certifications at regular intervals.  

ASME and ASNT are some of the organizations that create NDT standards and codes, and also both are certification bodies.  

To start a new career in NDT, Level 1 and Level 2 NDT certification is give you an Upper hand in the industry.  

Adi institute is providing ASNT Level 2 Certification and courses for students. 

 What does an NDT technician do?   

Non-Destructive Testing (NDT) technicians examine the physical properties of materials and components to detect damage, corrosion, cracks, defects, and other imperfections that may lead to unreliability in product performance or, in the worst case, product failure. They also inspect the plant machinery to determine if maintenance is needed. 

A non-destructive testing (NDT) technician uses different types of techniques and methods to inspect materials, components, structures, and systems to detect structural defects as per the material and working conditions. 

Duties of NDT technician: 

  • Testing the Materials  
  • Interpreting and preparing test reports 
  • Calibrating and Maintaining Equipment 
  • Developing Processes for Safety 

Testing the Materials 

NDT Technician has the wisdom and knowledge of NDT methods to test different materials according to material, component, structure, or system being tested. 

Technicians’ conduct testing for materials and structures for possible faults such as cracks, corrosion, flaws and other imperfections 

Preparing Test Reports for Material Testing 

After conducting the tests, a technician analyzes the results for acoustic emissions, leaks, liquid penetration, unknown vibrations, and anything that looks out of place. This helps to ensure the materials are safe and the machinery is ready for use. The production may even be halted if serious flaws are found.   

Calibrating and Maintaining Equipment 

Maintenance is always important for every mechanical instrument, equipment and tool. NDT Technicians should calibrate the settings based on the material being tested. Also, after a test, it is important to make sure that the equipment is ready for further use. 

Developing Process for Safety   

 An NDT technician will develop process checklists, teach other NDT technicians, and show suitable testing methodologies for machines and materials. It is important to keep everyone safe that is involved with the non-destructive test. 

Before selecting NDT as your career. Check that you process these skills and interests or can you develop these?   

  • strong analytical and problem-solving skills    
  • Some Interest in science and engineering    
  • an eye for detail    
  • Will need the ability to use a wide range of tools and instruments    
  • Should aware of health and safety issues    
  • Needed a good IT skill    
  • Needed good communication skills.    

There are many different skills that will help you be a good NDT technician. The most important skills you will learn during an NDT technician program at a school include attention to detail, taking responsibility, having good communication…etc..   

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What is Logistics?

Logistics and supply chain
Logistics and supply chain

 

Logistics is the whole process of coordinating the purchase, storage, and transportation of resources to their eventual destination. Because it incorporates all parts of the production process, logistics is an important part of the manufacturing process. Your goods will not arrive on schedule or in excellent condition unless logistics are in place. A lot of small firms subcontract their logistical needs to third-party logistics suppliers. This is advantageous for small businesses since it allows them to concentrate on their core strengths while outsourcing transportation and shipment to a skilled third-party service. A small firm with limited resources may lack the labour and skills to complete the final product stage. For example, logistical problems include determining which supplier to utilize for your components. The logistics system uses transportation systems that are cost-effective, fast, and efficient in delivering goods to their destination without damage or delay.

How Does a Logistics System Operate?

The logistics system consists of three major components:-

  • Manufacturing Logistics Systems
  • Distribution Logistics Systems
  • Transportation Logistics Systems

Manufacturing Logistics Systems –

Manufacturing logistics include all of the planning, organization, and support duties necessary to carry out manufacturing operations. Manufacturing logistics may be considered as a sphere of ever-evolving industrial concerns driven by technical breakthroughs and the global economy, as well as an academic study topic embracing many areas of operations management and improvements in supply chain logistics. Important factors of the corporate environment must be addressed in significant contributions to manufacturing logistics. Manufacturing logistics’ fundamental business environment is a factor that is ever-evolving throughout time. 

Distribution Logistics Systems –

Sales logistics is another term for distribution logistics. The connection between manufacturing and Transportation is distribution logistics. The field encompasses all procedures involved in the distribution of products – from manufacturing businesses to the stage of transportation. Distributors and processing are all examples of customers. Distribution logistics encompasses commodities handling, transportation, and temporary storage. As a result, the area becomes a key component of additional logistics, and it is intimately linked to packing technology. 

 Distribution logisticians have two main objectives: 

  • Minimization of expenses – Manufacturers’ high-quality criteria need sales strategists to keep shipping and delivery costs as low as feasible. In the textual description, the goal is to lower transportation, warehousing, and checkout expenses. Also, the distribution will become faster, more energy-efficient, and more ecologically friendly at the same time.
  • Availability – The distribution logisticians usually make sure that clients have an adequate supply of merchandise. There should never be a situation when the client feels the merchandise is deficient. Customers should be able to obtain their purchases quickly and easily.

Transportation Logistics Systems –

The actual motion of things is referred to as transportation. In logistics users, suppliers of raw materials, factories, warehouses, and channel partners are all connected via the transportation system. Road, water, train, and air are the fundamental forms of transportation. The slowest means of transportation is water, whereas the fastest is air. Roadways are used to move things within the community, and railways are used to transport commodities across long distances. The airways and waterways are mostly utilized to transfer commodities between countries. The transportation logistics must strike a balance between the requirement for speed and the expenses associated with the form of transportation. This covers the service fee, minimum weight criteria, offloading facilities, and packing regulations.

Types of logistics

Inbound logistics–

Inbound logistics is one of the most important aspects of logistics, focusing on the procurement and coordination of materials, components, and unfinished inventories from suppliers to production or assembly factories, warehouses, and retail outlets. The production unit of a manufacturing corporation buys raw materials or components from its suppliers to make other commodities. Inbound logistics, in a nutshell, is the process of bringing bought items into an organization. Inbound logistics, in a nutshell, is the process that occurs before a product is transported.

Outbound logistics-

Outbound logistics refers to the process of storing and moving the finished product, as well as the information that travels from the supply chain level to the end-user. The demand side of the supply-demand relationship is the focus of outbound logistics. The procedure includes storing and transporting items to the final user or client. Order fulfilment, packaging, shipping, delivery, and delivery-related customer care are among the processes. As a result, we may define outbound logistics as the operations that occur once the product is ready to ship. 

The elements of logistics

  1. Warehouse
  2. Packaging 
  3. Inventory
  4. Transportation
  5. Information and control

Warehouse – Warehouses are used by a wide range of enterprises that need to keep things in bulk before delivering them to other locations or individually to end-users. Warehouses are often located in industrial areas or zones and are classified as industrial structures. Storage warehouses, distribution centres, shop warehouses, and cold storage warehouses may be a few examples of warehouses. 

Packaging – Packing is the process of safely and neatly packaging items. Because a cube is the easiest product to handle and store, packing seeks to compact goods as close as possible into a cuboid form. Packaging logistics is a sub-discipline of logistics that connects manufacturing and delivery. Packaging logistics encompasses not just packaging commodities but also the associated packing and packaging procedures and structures.  

Inventory – inventory refers to all of a company’s assets, goods, merchandise, and supplies that it keeps on hand to compete in the marketplace for a profit. Inventory’s importance in logistics emerges from its capacity to match demand from the end consumer with supply from the provider. It is the inventory that can satisfy the needs of the client. The ‘human aspect’ is the most fundamental distinction between the two systems. While inventory management is solely concerned with merchandise or stock, warehouse management includes overseeing staff as well as transportation of professionals that work in the warehouse.

Transportation – As previously stated, transportation is the moving of things from one location to another in various vehicles, based on their form. 

Information and control -The goal of information logistics is to deliver the appropriate product, which includes the correct data element, in the correct format, to the correct individual for the right price, all based on client demand. Order levels aid in determining which orders need to be chosen and packed in warehouses, as well as transportation planning and organization. The job of information and control is to assist in the development of information systems that may be used to control operational operations. They’re also crucial for demand and inventory forecasts. 

The future of logistics

Drone Delivery– Drone delivery of items has been discussed in the logistics industry for some time now. It all started when Amazon’s founder, Jeff Bezos, said at a conference that the company is planning to use drone-assisted deliveries in the near future. Drone delivery allows for faster delivery. It will make shopping easier and more affordable. Drone delivery will undoubtedly confront several hurdles, including safety and regulatory concerns. Aspects such as weight and size will also be taken into account. Some fear that drone deliveries may result in theft or destruction. Destruction comprises goods damages and also property damage in general, such as dwellings. However, we cannot deny that ever-evolving technology will eventually overtake the delivery sector. As a result, drone acquisition is inevitable.

Driverless Vehicles – Driverless cars are being driven with the help of AI. Autonomous cars can analyze massive quantities of data and make judgments in a matter of seconds thanks to AI technology. A driverless car can determine the optimal travel routes to reduce time on the road and drive at the fastest possible pace, boosting logistics organizations’ efficiency. Autonomous cars can save money and time because they have superior decision-making skills. In addition to reducing damage and insurance costs, increased safety can help you save money. Businesses may also save a lot of money on employee salaries.

Conclusion 

Supply chain management and logistics are two intertwined ideas that may help you lower your company’s total expenses for manufacturing goods and services while also improving your target audience’s perception of your quality of service. After all, automation is currently at the forefront of industrial innovation. If you want to work in the logistics industry, we recommend you look into our Logistics course

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What is QAQC?

What is QAQC? it is an abbreviation for quality assurance and quality control. It is the combination of methods used to measure the quality of products, as well as the practice of guaranteeing that products and services fulfil customer expectations.

What is the difference between QA and QC?

“QA is concerned with defect prevention as a process, whereas QC is concerned with fault identification as a product.”

The purpose of quality assurance is to enhance product testing procedures so that faults do not occur during the product development process. The purpose of quality control is to find flaws in a product after it has been produced but before it is launched.

What is the full form of QAQC?

“The full form of QAQC is Quality Assurance and Quality Control”

Quality control is the job of the team that inspects the products for flaws, while everyone in the product development team is accountable for quality assurance. Validation/Software Testing is a form of QA, while verification is an example of QC.

QAQC Engineer’s responsibility

The QAQC engineers are in charge of guaranteeing the quality of their given enterprise. They are in charge of product manufacture and are engaged in every step of the process, from innovation to production to wrapping. And one of their most critical responsibilities is to ensure that the methods, technology, and materials utilized to manufacture their products are suitably safe for the personnel. When there is a quality concern, they must take corrective action, even pausing production if needed. They are also responsible to oversee the lifting of all items of machinery, the efficient storage of all dangerous goods, and the performance of quality audits on a regular basis.

To read more about QAQ Engineer, Click here

What is the QAQC plan?

A QAQC plan is a document that defines standards of quality, processes, tools, requirements, and the sequence of actions for a given item, service, initiative, or agreement.

The QAQC plan should have a method for determining whether or not quality objectives have been reached, appropriate testing, inspection, examination, and auditing processes at the various level, and allocation of roles, power, and resources throughout the process project’s several phases, to-be-Achieved Objectives. It also includes a  written technique for making adjustments to a quality plan when a process is improved.

 Specific standards, practices, processes, and instructions must be recorded and followed. And Steps in the processes that comprise the organization’s operational practice or procedures

The QAQC plan must indicate not only who is accountable for performing a certain activity, but also who is able to check the activity. A QAQC strategy assesses and adapts an organizer’s methods to assist guarantee that they get the intended results. Some sections of the strategy will be more thorough than others. However, it is critical to understand that each plan is tailored to the needs of the organisers and their quality management system.

Documentation of QAQC plan

A QAQC plan is created by taking into account a variety of criteria such as industry benchmarks, particular legal restrictions, organizational rules and procedures, intrinsic regulations, and best practices required to fulfil the requirements of clients for goods or services. 

The implementation of the strategic level QAQC plan is created and implemented at the strategic level itself. At the operating level QAQC documents, layouts, a copy of the client’s orders, processes, job guidelines, and much more are frequently included.

Following the completion of the product or function, the planning papers must be supplemented by examination paperwork, statistical quality flowcharts, and copies of shipment details and client certificates.

Why QAQC is important?

Customers are now more likely to purchase a product or service from a licensed producer or service provider because standards have become a sign of product and service excellence. As a result, standards such as ISO have now been considered a need when it comes to acquiring clients. Having QA in place assists businesses in maintaining a high level of production. Quality control guarantees that the finished goods meet such high standards & meet the expectations of the customers. 

The QAQC training program

After completing the QAQC training program successfully, each person should be able to undertake the necessary duties and obligations of their chosen industry. The certification program covers a wide range of topics, allowing for trouble-free learning.

This QAQC course focuses on quality assurance and quality control systems, as well as the cultivation of skillsets for engineer roles in a variety of industries, such as oil and gas, pharmaceutical, and information technology. In addition, the training is grounded in real-world experience.

Conclusion

In a nutshell, quality assurance is an approach-oriented one, whereas quality control is a product-oriented discipline. Quality assurance ensures that the production process abides by standards, whereas quality control ensures that the finished product satisfies the quality criteria. Quality assurance may be defined as process monitoring, whereas quality control is a responsive activity.

You must state in the quality assurance plan an attempt to discover a remedy that will eliminate the breaches from repeating. An official from QA, the person who executed the job, and the individual who reviewed it should all be included in the group. Because the person in charge of QA reports to top management, the team obtains access to the necessary resources.

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Importance of Oil and Gas Industry

importance of oil and gas industry
importance of oil and gas industry

A question which is very relevant at present is, What is the importance of Oil and Gas Industry in today’s world? Oil and natural gas are the key sectors in the energy industry, and as the world’s principal fuel sources, they have a significant impact on the global economy. The procedures involved in the production and distribution of oil and gas are incredibly complicated, capital-intensive, and involve cutting-edge technology. Oil and gas are also significant in terms of the amount of employment they generate. The oil and gas business employs hundreds of thousands of people and generates billions of dollars.

Given that the oil and gas business is the world’s largest in terms of economic value, it may be referred to as the world’s powerhouse industry. The majority of oil is used for transportation (cars, trucks, and planes), and only a fourth is used for other industrial purposes.

The three main segments of oil and gas

● Upstream 

Upstream industries are those engaged in the exploration and production of oil and gas. These are the companies that browse the globe for raw material reserves and then drill to remove that commodity.
The upstream section is distinguished by high risks, expensive investment capital, longer duration due to the time required to discover and dig, and technological precision. The upstream stage entails searching for the major constituents of petroleum and natural gas, the hydrocarbons. Land surveys are carried out to assist in identifying the most potential sites. Before digging, the purpose is to find certain materials underneath in order to estimate the number of oil deposits.

● Midstream

Transportation-related enterprises are classified as midstream. They are in charge of transporting obtained raw resources to refineries where the oil and gas are processed. Midstream firms specialize in transportation, piping, and raw material storage. Companies that also do the same fall in this midstream category

●Downstream 

Refineries are examples of downstream enterprises. These are the firms in charge of eliminating contaminants and transforming oil and gas into goods that the general public may use, such as fuel for vehicles, aviation fuel, cooking gas, and so on. Downstream activities can also play an important role in the medical and agricultural fields. Following the discovery and extraction of crude oil, it is exported and transported. The petroleum is then processed, distributed, and sold.

What is oil and gas most used?

The oil and gas industry‘s most important products are fuel oil and Petrol. Petrol is the principal ingredient in a wide range of chemical products, including medications, pesticides, lubricants, and polymers. As a result, petroleum is essential to numerous businesses and is crucial to many countries as the backbone of their industries. As global economies and transportation continue to rely significantly on crude oil goods, the world’s reliance on the oil and gas sector is growing. The oil and gas business continues to have enormous power in global governments.

Diesel fuel and heating oil are examples of distillate fuel oil. Diesel fuel is often used in diesel engines used in large projects machinery, vehicles, buses, boats, motor cars, and power generators.

The Impact on the economy 

The oil and gas business has an internal and external influence on the global market, with the oil price directly impacting the health of the domestic market as a whole. The world’s most important energy source is oil. India’s industrial customers are expected to contribute to around 39 % of the country’s net demand increase. Sectors like transportation, residential, and energy are also projected to stimulate demand.

Because India imports crude oil, an increase in demand heavier than supply has led oil prices to rise at times, impacting the rise in costs of everyday commodities, which can have an influence on the lives of ordinary people. As a result, we can claim that the oil and gas business has a significant impact on the lives and economies of ordinary Indians.
Oil consumption has been rising, exceeding any increases in extraction and surplus capacity. One major reason is that developing countries have shown rapid growth. These countries have contributed to an increase in global demand for oil.

Future of oil and gas

My prediction, oil consumption drop by 70% to 35 million b/d by 2050, as electric vehicles and hydrogen, undermine road transportation, and recycling restricts plastics feedstock market growth. But even with all the predictions, we can say that the oil and gas industry still holds its own position in the global market scene

Oil and gas businesses are reacting by rethinking where and how they conduct business, as well as facing a rethinking of business models in a decarbonizing future. When it comes to interacting in decarbonization activities in ways that allow them to participate in the decarbonizing economy, these enterprises have a variety of instruments at their disposal.

Conclusion

Renewable energy is becoming more popular among nations throughout the world. Electricity generation from solar panels and offshore wind turbines is becoming more affordable and cost-effective. Despite all of these new renewable energy sources, the importance/authority of oil and gas (petroleum) equipment remains the most desired in industry and among emerging nations since none of them has indeed been able to add value to the world’s energy.

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